Repose in US-Russia Tensions Thanks to Crisis?
Anders Aslund & Andrew Kuchins | Center for Strategic and International Studies | March 2009
Some 85% of Russian exports are based on energy and raw materials. Falling prices in the international market mercilessly expose these vulnerabilities of the Russian economy: no other newly industrialized country is so dependent on specific price trends (in this case the price of oil). The Kremlin must immediately manage these problems to maintain public support. This situation presents opportunities for the United States to better its relations with Russia. In the face of current global challenges, constructive cooperation would be a blessing to both parties - and not only for the two. Close cooperation is desirable in six key areas:
Iran and Anti-Missile Defense: Russia and the Unites States differ widely in their assessments of the danger of the Iranian nuclear program. Moscow considers the anti-missile defense system in Europe a far more serious threat. The US should begin direct talks with Iran, involving Russia in the process, thereby bringing the issue of a "global missile defense shield" to the fore.
European and Regional Security: Russia and Europe benefit from economic relations, yet they still lack close institutional collaboration. In order to solve conflicts such as Afghanistan, cooperation between NATO and Russia should be intensified. The 60th birthday of the Alliance provides the opportunity to openly consider Russian membership.
Disarmament: In this respect the US and Russia can look back on a long history of cooperation, which should now be rejuvenated. One of the two powers should actively renew the 123 Agreement and strengthen nuclear non-proliferation efforts to get arms control measures back on track.
Trade Relations: Economic relations between Russia and the US leave much to be desired. Possible points of contact for bettering trade relations are certainly not lacking. As a first step, the US should ratify pending investment contracts and support Russia's admission to the WTO.
Energy Policy: Especially in regards to CO2 emissions and energy efficiency, Russia and the US seem to run on parallel tracks. Both countries must take it upon themselves to work jointly and do more to protect the environment. A more efficient use of the Russian energy reserves would, for instance, considerably increase energy security in Europe.
Democracy and Human Rights: Russia seldom comments on human rights violations. As a member, the US should actively support the work and efforts of the OSCE, as well as the promotion of human rights in Russia.
However, the US cannot work with Russia without pre-conditions. Moscow must recognize the fundamental rules of international cooperation. The most recent actions of the Russian government, including the invasion of Georgia and the delivery of anti-aircraft missiles to Iran, have done little to foster mutual trust. Thus, it lies with Russia to demonstrate good will in the future.
This summary was prepared by the Atlantic Community editorial team from "Pressing the 'Reset Button' on US-Russia Relations," published here by Center for Strategic and International Studies, March 2009.
