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April 14, 2010 |  3 comments |  Print | E-Mail Your Research  

Term Paper: The Crime-Terrorist Nexus: the Chechen Example

Kyle Alexander Jarmon: Using the Chechen liberation groups as a case study, this paper will attempt to explain how organized crime and terrorist groups can offer alternative paths of opportunity, hope, material gain, status and justice for those who consider themselves marginalized or bereft of basic rights – real or perceived.

The rising incidence of cooperation between transnational crime and international terrorism is one of the many consequences of globalization and the reordering of power alliances.  Bound by similar modus operandi and the prospect of success, crime and terrorism find a common self-interest in the arena of today's asymmetric warfare.  The phenomenon is fairly recent and, therefore, data is scant.  Much information comes from police cases and mostly anecdotal evidence. The Chechen example, however, may offer a unique case study for analysis.  The traditional bonds and opportunistic motives in the region may be a sign of a future trend. Although Chechnya may be extreme, an investigation of conditions and organizational structures there, could illustrate an interesting model of the circumstances and threats that terrorism and crime might pose in a united challenge to legitimate, democratic authority.

Kyle Jarmon studies international relations at Fordham University in New York, his research interests include International finance, markets, and the movement of global capital, activity and organizational structures of transnational crime organizations.

 
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April 15, 2010

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Dear Kyle,

outstanding elaboration on terrorism related issues. Just as I said under Antonios piece, self critical and logical.

"[...] and crime might pose in a united challenge to legitimate, democratic authority." However let us abolish that comma. Vertical movement towards elites would make a) terrorism and b) organised crime less likely.
 
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April 16, 2010

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I have studied these links between organized crime and terrorism more related to Kosovo and from my viewpoint important is also a vertical link between government and underworld and between international terrorism and Wahhabi schools. I have earlier described circumstances in Kosovo with Fourfold or “Quadruple Helix Model” where government, underworld, Wahhabbi schools and international terrorism have win-win symbiosis. (More in “Quadruple Helix – Capturing Kosovo” - http://arirusila.wordpress.com/2008/12/07/quadruple-helix-capturing...).

Links between drug trafficking and the supply of arms to the KLA (Kosovo Liberation Army) were established mid-90s. In West KLA was described as terrorist organization but when US selected them as their ally it transformed organization officially to “freedom” fighters. After bombing Serbia 1999 KLA leaders again changed their crime clans officially to political parties. This public image however can not hide the origins of money and power, old channels and connections are still in place in conservative tribe society. In some other important drug transit zones trafficking is reflected in high levels of violence but not in Balkans. UN report explains this that good links between crime organizations and commercial/political elites have ensured that Balkan organized crime groups have traditionally encountered little resistance from the state or rival groups.

US foreign policy tactics helped to create logistics between markets via Balkan route and producers of heroin. This creature has been further developed by itself more strong by financial connection between Wahhabi organizations e.g. in Kosovo and international terrorism and Wahhabis as potential pool for operations. Same time there is historical and social link between organized crime groups and Kosovo’s political leaders. All this has also its international dimensions.

Today Kosovo is a quasi-state with good change to become next “failed” or “captured” state if international community does not firm its grip in province. Today’s Kosovo is already safe-heaven for war criminals, drug traffickers, international money laundry and radical Wahhabists – unfortunately all are also allies of western powers.
 
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May 31, 2010

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The issue with any such conflict situation is: How do the protagonists in any conflict-situation (protracted as well as short-lived) come around to see themselves as such? The question is important, and includes the imaginations and situations that lend to looking at the networks that arise; are considered undesirable (mafiosi/crime/prostitution) and continue to exist. Their life-span and their networking with terrorists again involves again a recognition of certain intractabilities that Ari Rusila notes here: they also are the allies of western powers.

The larger threat is less an exporting of the direct violence to other parts of the world (which may be sporadic and short-lived) but more about the exporting of mind-sets and a socializations that allow for such a situation to exist and begin to be considered normal (something that the observations by Ari Rusila about the allies of western powers).
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